উত্তর ইউরোপের তিনটি দেশ নরওয়ে, সুইডেন ও ডেনমার্কে বলা হয় স্কান্ডিনেভিয়ান দেশ।
অধুনা উত্তর ইউরোপের পাঁচটি দেশ নরওয়, সুইডেন, ডেনমার্ক, ফিনল্যান্ড ও আইসল্যান্ডকে নর্ডিক রাষ্ট্র নির্দেশ করে।
[মনে রাখুন: সব স্কান্ডিনেভিয়ান রাষ্ট্রই নর্ডিক দেশ, কিন্তু সব নর্ডিক দেশ স্কান্ডিনেভিয়ান রাষ্ট্র নয়।]
দেশের নাম | রাজধানী | মুদ্রা | ভাষা | উপনিবেশ |
---|---|---|---|---|
ফিনল্যান্ড | হেলসিংকি | ইউরো | ফিনিশ, সুইডিশ | রাশিয়া |
ডেনমার্ক | কোপেনহেগেন | ক্রোন | ড্যানিশ |
|
আইসল্যান্ড | রিকজাভিক | ক্রোনা | আইসল্যান্ডিক | ডেনমার্ক |
সুইডেন | স্টকহোম | ক্রোনা | সুইডিস |
|
নরওয়ে | অসলো | ক্রোন | নরওয়েজিয়ান | সুইডেন |
জেনে নিই
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আমাদের অল-ইন-ওয়ান মোবাইল অ্যাপের মাধ্যমে সীমাহীন শেখার সুযোগ উপভোগ করুন।
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